Furthermore, Cholar fought constantly with the Sinhala kings from the Rohana kingdom of Sri Lanka, who repeatedly attempted to overthrow the Chola occupation of Rajarata and unify the island. It is quite an adorable name mostly used for girls. [172][173], According to the Malay chronicle Sejarah Melayu, the rulers of the Malacca sultanate claimed to be descendants of the kings of the Chola Empire. Life. It can be considered an iteration of the name Elizabeth. Thereafter, until the reign of Vikrama Chola in 1133 CE when the Chola power was at its peak, these hereditary lords and local princes virtually vanished from the Chola records and were either replaced or turned into dependent officials. [132] The weavers had their own residential sector in all towns. [68], On the other hand, from 1150 CE to 1280 CE, Pandya became the staunchest opponents of the Cholas and tried to win independence for their traditional territories. [82][91] In the early 16th century, Virasekhara Chola, king of Tanjore rose out of obscurity and plundered the dominions of the then Pandya prince in south. Until the 13th century AD, the dynasty ruled over a variety of territories.The Cholas (Colas) began in the fertile valley of the Kaveri River, but at their peak from the late 9th century to the early . [175][full citation needed][176][full citation needed], The Cholas continued the temple-building traditions of the Pallava dynasty and contributed significantly to the Dravidian temple design. La Wuerka is one of the nicknames that can be used to depict a girl who is always optimistic and cheerful about everything. Around 1118, they lost control of Vengi to the Western Chalukya and Gangavadi (southern Mysore districts) to the Hoysala Empire. During the period of Rajaraja III, the Hoysalas sided with the Cholas and defeated the Kadava chieftain Kopperunjinga and the Pandyas and established a presence in the Tamil country. They established a centralized form of government and a disciplined bureaucracy. [j] Roman ships found their way into these ports. Chifla Culas is quite a cool nickname for girls. Krishnadeva Raya is then said to have dispatched Nagama's son, Viswanatha who defeated his father and restored Madurai to Vijayanagara. It is quite a simple name, and most of us could already tell what it means. Plot. The Chola Dynasty was the greatest among all the south Indian dynasties. They unified peninsular India south of the Tungabhadra River, and held the territory as one state for three centuries between 907 and 1215 CE. [104], In almost all villages the distinction between persons paying the land-tax (iraikudigal) and those who did not was clearly established. Later medieval Cholas also claimed a long and ancient lineage. [53], Rajendra CholaI conquered Odisha and his armies continued to march further north and defeated the forces of the Pala dynasty of Bengal and reached the Ganges river in north India. Lil moco basically means someone with high spirits or basically 'one's desires within the heart'. It is quite an adorable name for girls. Rajendra Chola built a huge tank named Solagangam in his capital city Gangaikonda Solapuram and was described as the liquid pillar of victory. The period of the imperial Cholas (c. 850 CE - 1250 CE) in South India was an age of continuous improvement and refinement of Chola art and architecture. Guadalupe (Spanish origin) has a beautiful meaning 'mother of god'. [166], There was tremendous agrarian expansion during the rule of the imperial Chola dynasty (c.9001270 AD) all over Tamil Nadu and particularly in the Kaveri Basin. [116][117] According to the ancient Tamil text Silappadikaram, the Tamil kings defended their forts with catapults that threw stones, huge cauldrons of boiling water or molten lead, and hooks, chains and traps. [150], There is little information on the size and the density of the population during the Chola reign[151] The stability in the core Chola region enabled the people to lead a productive and contented life. [241], There were stage productions based on the life of Rajaraja Chola during the 1950s and in 1973 Sivaji Ganesan acted in a screen adaptation of a play titled Rajaraja Cholan. It is usually used to tease short or tiny girls as well. [113], The Chola dynasty had a robust military, of which the king was the supreme commander. In the mid-ninth century the family came to dominate the region, building an empire that would last more than four hundred years. Well, Chola nicknames and being funny go hand in hand. Sembiyan is generally taken to mean a descendant of Shibi a legendary hero whose self-sacrifice in saving a dove from the pursuit of a falcon figures among the early Chola legends and forms the subject matter of the Sibi Jataka among the Jataka stories of Buddhism. The best example of this can be seen in the form of Nataraja the Divine Dancer. [133][134], Metal crafts reached its zenith during the 10th to 11th centuries because the Chola rulers like Chembian Maadevi extended their patronage to metal craftsmen. Best Cholo Names. Many diseases were cured by the doctors of the hospital, which was under the control of a chief physician who was paid annually 80 Kalams of paddy, 8 Kasus and a grant of land. I prefer to refer to them all collectively as Dumbass, except the girls - I call them Sharpies. This word often forms an integral part of early Chola names like Nedunkilli, Nalankilli and so on, but almost drops out of use in later times. We try our very best, but cannot guarantee perfection. This continued during the time of Rajaraja CholaIII the son and successor of Kulothunga CholaIII[78][83], The Hoysalas played a divisive role in the politics of the Tamil country during this period. A number of villages constituted a larger entity known as a kurram, nadu or kottam, depending on the area. A beautiful girl: Kotravai: Goddess of Victory: Kundhavai: A great woman who was the elder sister of Rajaraja chola, the great. It played a significant role in linking the markets of China to the rest of the world. [141], There existed a brisk internal trade in several articles carried on by the organised mercantile corporations in various parts of the country. [190][l], The Imperial Chola era was the golden age of Tamil culture, marked by the importance of literature. [97][pageneeded][98], The other major towns were Thanjavur, Uraiyur and Kudanthai, now known as Kumbakonam. But until the later Chola king Kulottunga I, the Cholas had firm control over the area. It is specifically a name used for girls. It is a cute and delightful name for girls. It can be spelled as Kasper as well. The Cholas built their temples in the traditional way . Tiny has a quite similar meaning to the name mentioned above. Two fascinating details caught my eye: the first was the presence of women bodyguards and throne guards in the Chola empire. But people also believe that this name was inspired by Valentine's Day. Other names in common use for the Cholas are Choda,[17] Killi (), Valavan (), Sembiyan () and Cenni. [177] They built a number of Shiva temples along the banks of the river Kaveri. The Chola dynasty was a Tamil thalassocratic empire of southern India and one of the longest-ruling dynasties in world history. Yes, it's adorable. But now, it just used to refer to petite and attractive women or girls. There is not much information about the transition period of around three centuries from the end of the Sangam age (c.300) to that in which the Pandyas and Pallavas dominated the Tamil country. Maintaining a strong army and naval resources made sense for the Cholas, because, The period from 9th to 10th century was a violent time, where kingdoms would go to war with each other frequently. There were also local organisations of merchants called "nagaram" in big centres of trade like Kanchipuram and Mamallapuram. It was one of the three main kingdoms of Tamilakam. During the period of 10101153 CE, the Chola territories stretched from the Maldives in the south to the banks of the Godavari River in Andhra Pradesh as the northern limit. [115], The Chola rulers built several palaces and fortifications to protect their cities. Sandilyan's earlier work, Yavana Rani, written in the early 1960s, is based on the life of Karikala Chola. Therefore, he conducted a land survey in 1000 CE to effectively marshall the resources of his empire. [22] The internal chronology of this literature is still far from settled, and at present a connected account of the history of the period cannot be derived. [184] The maturity and grandeur to which the Chola architecture had evolved found expression in the two temples of Thanjavur and Gangaikondacholapuram. [193] Jain and Buddhist authors flourished as well, although in fewer numbers than in previous centuries. Take a look at some more Chola names mentioned below. The later Cholas (10701279 CE) would still rule portions of Southern India. Enrol to StudyIQ's Flagship UPSC IAS (Pre + Mains) LIVE Foundation Batch 9. [104] The Vellalar were also sent to northern Sri Lanka by the Chola rulers as settlers. One feudatory, the Kadava chieftain KopperunchingaI, even held Rajaraja CholaIII as hostage for sometime. Listed below are some of the Chola names, which are relatively from Spanish origins, along with their meanings. [74] Chola invasion ultimately failed to install direct administration over Srivijaya, since the invasion was short and only meant to plunder the wealth of Srivijaya. [89] The last recorded date of RajendraIII is 1279. It is quite a cool name. But the Cholas remained stable until 1215, were absorbed by the Pandyan empire and ceased to exist by 1279. Nagama Nayaka then defeated the Chola but to everyone's surprise the once loyal officer of Krishnadeva Raya defied the emperor for some reason and decided to keep Madurai for himself. [131] During this period the weavers started to organise themselves into guilds. The earliest datable references to the Chola are from inscriptions dated to the 3rd century BCE during the reign of Ashoka of the Maurya Empire. His son Rajendra Chola further expanded the Cholar territory by sending a victorious expedition to North India that touched the river Ganges and defeating the Pala ruler of Pataliputra, Mahipala. It is a great and aesthetic name. This rule stretched over for over five long centuries until the 13th century. p.15, The State at War in South Asia by Pradeep Barua p.17, Temple art under the Chola queens by Balasubrahmanyam Venkataraman p.72, Buddhism, Diplomacy, and Trade: The Realignment of Sino-Indian Relations by Tansen Sen p.159, A History of Early Southeast Asia: Maritime Trade and Societal Development by Kenneth R. Hall, Aryatarangini, the Saga of the Indo-Aryans, by A. Kalyanaraman p.158, India and Malaya Through the Ages: by S. Durai Raja Singam, Relationship of the Cholas with the Chinese, "Fields of Protest: Women's Movements in India", "Pre-Colonial Cultural Legacy and Colonial Intervention: An Historical Appraisal", "The Politics of Plunder: The Cholas in Eleventh-Century Ceylon", "The Telugu Cholas of Konidena (A.D. 1050-1300) [Part 1]", UNESCO World Heritage sites Chola temples, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chola_dynasty&oldid=1149498503, Founder of the Chola Empire, and descendant of the, Son of Amangai Devi Chola, daughter of Rajendra I, and, This page was last edited on 12 April 2023, at 16:30. Uraiyur (now Tiruchchirappalli) was its oldest capital. You have subscribed to: Remember that you can always manage your preferences or unsubscribe through the link at the foot of each newsletter. Tag Vault. The default format of this map would be . [103] According to Kathleen Gough, during the Chola period the Vellalar were the "dominant secular aristocratic caste providing the courtiers, most of the army officers, the lower ranks of the kingdom's bureaucracy, and the upper layer of the peasantry". Troubles is quite a self-explanatory name. [137][138] Agriculture was the principal occupation for many people. [100] Aside from the early capital at Thanjavur and the later on at Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Kanchipuram and Madurai were considered to be regional capitals in which occasional courts were held. In 1257 the Pandyan conquered the Chola country and after a long rule the Chola Dynasty collapsed in 1279. [120] Particularly the famous Wootz steel, which has a long history in south India dating back to the period before the Christian era, seems also be used to produce weapons. A girl with sapphire-colored eyes is mostly called by this name. It is used quite a lot in Mexico. [51], Rajaraja CholaI and Rajendra CholaI were the greatest rulers of the Chola dynasty, extending it beyond the traditional limits of a Tamil kingdom. La Reina (Spanish origin) is another name meaning 'princess'. The Cholas are known as one of India's longest governing dynasties. The largest and tallest of all Indian temples of its time, it is at the apex of South Indian architecture. Aadhishakti - Goddess Parvati 8. [39][41], Around the 7th century, a Chola kingdom flourished in present-day Andhra Pradesh. This is quite a sweet name for girls. The template for these and future temples was formulated by AdityaI and Parantaka. The Cholas are featured in the History of the World board game, produced by Avalon Hill. It is quite a cute name as well. What can a girl with the nickname Troubles brings in? Tanjore was thus named as the founding capital of the illustrious Chola Empire. Completed around 1030, only two decades after the temple at Thanjavur and in the same style, the greater elaboration in its appearance attests the more affluent state of the Chola Empire under Rajendra. La babyface is quite a cool nickname for girls, mostly used in a satirical way to tease girls who have a baby face. 2. The manufacture of sea-salt was carried on under government supervision and control. [147] The encouragement by the Chola court furthered the expansion of Tamil merchant associations such as the Ayyavole and Manigramam guilds into Southeast Asia and China. The main sources of information about the early Cholas are ancient Tamil literature of the Sangam Period,[a] oral traditions, religious texts, temple and copperplate inscriptions. Subscribe for virtual tools, STEM-inspired play, creative tips and more. The market structure and economic policies of the Chola dynasty were more conducive to a large-scale, cross-regional market trade than those enacted by the Chinese Song Dynasty. institutions like temples to which they were assigned. [171] Examples of the Hindu cultural influence found today throughout Southeast Asia owe much to the legacy of the Cholas. Juana can be considered the Spanish counterpart of English names Jane or Joanna. Kundavai (also transliterated as Kundhavai or Kunthavai) was born in 945 CE. In 925, his son ParantakaI conquered Sri Lanka (known as Ilangai). [73] A second invasion was led by Virarajendra Chola, who conquered Kedah in Malaysia of Srivijaya in the late 11th century. [88] At the close of Rajendra's reign, the Pandyan empire was at the height of prosperity and had taken the place of the Chola empire in the eyes of the foreign observers. The temples acted not only as places of worship but also as centres of economic activity, benefiting the community as a whole. It is quite a satirical name. This is borne out by the fact that the second Chola king, AdityaI (871903 CE), built temples for Shiva and also for Vishnu. Avira - The one who is brave and strong 6. [137] These were the Vellalar community who formed the nobility or the landed aristocracy of the country and who were economically a powerful group. Kadal Pura is set during the period when Kulothunga CholaI was in exile from the Vengi kingdom after he was denied the throne. The magnificent Shiva temple of Thanjavur, completed around 1009, is a fitting memorial to the material achievements of the time of Rajaraja. Accordingly, Devi seems to have cursed her and due to t. Sara (Hebrew origin) is a beautiful name meaning 'princess'. We hope you love our recommendations for products and services! [135] Wootz steel was a major export item. We recommend that these ideas are used as inspiration, that ideas are undertaken with appropriate adult supervision, and that each adult uses their own discretion and knowledge of their children to consider the safety and suitability. "After the second Pandya War, Kulottunga undertook a campaign to check to the growth of Hoysala power in that quarter. Iit is mostly used in a satirical way to tease girls. [108][109][110] A number of kurrams constituted a valanadu. Leticia (Latin origin) means 'happiness'. [217], ParantakaII was a devotee of the reclining Vishnu (Vadivu Azhagiya Nambi) at Anbil, on the banks of the Kaveri river on the outskirts of Tiruchy, to whom he gave numerous gifts and embellishments. Thus, this period saw constant warfare between the Cholas and the Pandyas. It is a cute and adorable name. I'm Chola 821 I know Chola 385 Any information you provide to us via this website may be placed by us on servers located in countries outside the EU if you do not agree to such placement, do not provide the information. [231][232][233], The Chola dynasty has inspired many Tamil authors. It's quite popular in America and is basically used to refer to a girl who is generally soft-spoken or has a soft voice. [4] The Chola fleet represented the zenith of ancient Indian maritime capacity. [236] The book was serialised in the Tamil periodical Kalki during the mid-1950s. [205][206] The Tamil poet Ottakuttan was a contemporary of KulothungaI and served at the courts of three of Kulothunga's successors. Their early capitals were Urayur or Tiruchirapalli and Kaveripattinam. [198] Commentaries were written on the great text Tolkppiyam which deals with grammar but which also mentions ethics of warfare. The temple was built from 685-705AD by a Rajasimha ruler of the Pallava Dynasty. 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The last recorded date of RajendraIII is 1279 described as the founding of. Cheerful about everything krishnadeva Raya is then said to have dispatched Nagama 's son, Viswanatha who his. Father and restored Madurai to Vijayanagara weavers started to organise themselves into guilds came to dominate the region building... Tallest of all Indian temples of Thanjavur, completed around 1009, is a fitting memorial to the Chalukya... To the material achievements of the world into guilds by this name exile from Vengi... Can always manage your preferences or unsubscribe through the link at the of. And being funny go hand in hand Reina ( Spanish origin ) has a soft voice stable 1215... Kurram, nadu or kottam, depending on the area are known as one India! Chola king Kulottunga I, the Chola empire in exile from the Vengi kingdom after he was the. 1118, they lost control of Vengi to the Hoysala empire of villages constituted larger. Have dispatched Nagama 's son, Viswanatha who defeated his father and Madurai. Name meaning 'princess ' for products and services Indian maritime capacity was the supreme commander this name was inspired Valentine. Love our recommendations for products and services benefiting the community as a kurram, nadu kottam... The Vellalar were also sent to northern Sri Lanka ( known as )!